CHEMICAL EFFECT OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON LIQUIDS

Electrolysis of water

1) chemically water is a compound of hydrogen & oxygen

2) water is stable compound and cannot be seperated in to hydrogen and oxygen on heating or by any other process than electrolysis

Electrolysis

Electrolysis is the process of decomposing a substance in its solution by passage of electric current

Activity

Chemical effect of electric current

Aim : to observe the chemical effect of electric current

Apparatus

1) glass jar

2) two test tubes

3) two electrodes

Procedure 

1) take a glass jar

2) fill it with Water

3) add few drops of hydrochloric acid or common salt

4)take two test tubes filled with acidulated water are inverted over the two electrodes

5) fix test tubes along with electrodes in glass jar through cork seal

6) jar should be air tight and water tight

7) connect the two electrodes to terminals of battery 

8)when electric current passes through electrodes bubble of colour less gas are seen riding from the electrodes

9) amount of gas collected over the negative terminal Is hydrogen

10) the amount of gas collected over the positive terminal is oxygen

11) amount of hydrogen collected is double the amount of oxygen.

Testing the gases produced during electrolysis of water 

1) When a burning splinter is brought near the gases evolved in test tubes.

2) hydrogen gas burns with a pop sound 

3) oxygen gas being a supporter of gas make the matchstick burn brightly

Electrolyte: 

a liquid or  its solution with a substance dissolved and is a poor or good conductor of electricity 

Examples:- acids. : HCL , HNO

                    Alkalis: NaOH, KOH

                    Salts : NaCl, CuSO₄, ZnCl₂ 

Non-electrolyte:

a liquid or solution which is a non conductor of electricity 

Examples:- Distilled water

                     Kerosene

                     Petrol

                     Alcohol

                     KOH